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Request: Sura 33 Aya 36 to 37
وَمَا كَانَ لِمُؤْمِنٍ وَلَا مُؤْمِنَةٍ إِذَا قَضَى اللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُ أَمْرًا أَنْ يَكُونَ لَهُمُ الْخِيَرَةُ مِنْ أَمْرِهِمْ ۗ وَمَنْ يَعْصِ اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ فَقَدْ ضَلَّ ضَلَالًا مُبِينًا {36}
[Shakir 33:36] And it behoves not a believing man and a believing woman that they should have any choice in their matter when Allah and His Messenger have decided a matter; and whoever disobeys Allah and His Messenger, he surely strays off a manifest straying.
[Pickthal 33:36] And it becometh not a believing man or a believing woman, when Allah and His messenger have decided an affair (for them), that they should (after that) claim any say in their affair; and whoso is rebellious to Allah and His messenger, he verily goeth astray in error manifest.
[Yusufali 33:36] It is not fitting for a Believer, man or woman, when a matter has been decided by Allah and His Messenger to have any option about their decision: if any one disobeys Allah and His Messenger, he is indeed on a clearly wrong Path.
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 33:36] Refer to the commentary of verses 4, 5 and 28 to 32 of this surah about Zayd, Zaynab and the Holy Prophet. Zayd's marriage with the Holy Prophet's cousin Zaynab daughter of Jahsh was celebrated in Makka eight years before the hijrat. At the time of their marriage when she was informed by the Holy Prophet she did not like the proposal, so her brother Abdullah bin Jahsh; and both of them, according to Imam Muhammad bin Ali al Baqir, wanted to exercise their freedom of choice in this matter, then this verse was revealed. We must not put our own wisdom in competition with Allah's wisdom. We must accept it loyally, and do the best we can to carry it out. We must make our will consonant to the will of Allah. Also refer to the commentary of Nisa: 65. Zaynab the high-born could not reconcile herself with Zayd. Both were good believers, and both loved the Holy Prophet; but there was mutual incompatibility and this proved to be the cause of separation between them. Zayd wished to divorce her. The Holy Prophet tried his best to prevent separation between them, because Zaynab's reputation would be ruined, but as marriage should be according to Allah's plan, a source of happiness, not torture, Islam permits the bond of marriage to be dissolved, provided that all interests concerned are safeguarded. Refer to the commentary of Nisa : 3 for polygamy and al Baqarah: 227 to 237 for divorce. After the divorce Zaynab's misery as a widow began to disturb the family of Banu Hashim. In fact, Zaynab's parents wanted to give Zaynab's hand to the Holy Prophet right from the beginning, but at the Holy Prophet's command she was married to Zayd. Now she, and her brothers and other members of the family asked the Holy Prophet to marry her. Then the verse 37 was revealed and the Holy Prophet married her. The issue of an adopted son has been dealt with in the commentary of verse 4 of this surah.
Aqa Mahdi Puya says:
"An adopted son is not the real son", and all other Quranic injunctions are valid in all ages.
"You did fear the people" implies that the right course should be followed, whether the people like it or not, as said in verse 54 of Ma-idah: "They fear not the censure of the censurers."
Prophethood does not deprive the prophet and his family of essential human rights divinely legislated for all.
وَإِذْ تَقُولُ لِلَّذِي أَنْعَمَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَأَنْعَمْتَ عَلَيْهِ أَمْسِكْ عَلَيْكَ زَوْجَكَ وَاتَّقِ اللَّهَ وَتُخْفِي فِي نَفْسِكَ مَا اللَّهُ مُبْدِيهِ وَتَخْشَى النَّاسَ وَاللَّهُ أَحَقُّ أَنْ تَخْشَاهُ ۖ فَلَمَّا قَضَىٰ زَيْدٌ مِنْهَا وَطَرًا زَوَّجْنَاكَهَا لِكَيْ لَا يَكُونَ عَلَى الْمُؤْمِنِينَ حَرَجٌ فِي أَزْوَاجِ أَدْعِيَائِهِمْ إِذَا قَضَوْا مِنْهُنَّ وَطَرًا ۚ وَكَانَ أَمْرُ اللَّهِ مَفْعُولًا {37}
[Shakir 33:37] And when you said to him to whom Allah had shown favor and to whom you had shown a favor: Keep your wife to yourself and be careful of (your duty to) Allah; and you concealed in your soul what Allah would bring to light, and you feared men, and Allah had a greater right that you should fear Him. But when Zaid had accomplished his want of her, We gave her to you as a wife, so that there should be no difficulty for the believers in respect of the wives of their adopted sons, when they have accomplished their want of them; and Allah's command shall be performed.
[Pickthal 33:37] And when thou saidst unto him on whom Allah hath conferred favour and thou hast conferred favour: Keep thy wife to thyself, and fear Allah. And thou didst hide in thy mind that which Allah was to bring to light, and thou didst fear mankind whereas Allah hath a better right that thou shouldst fear Him. So when Zeyd had performed that necessary formality (of divorce) from her, We gave her unto thee in marriage, so that (henceforth) there may be no sin for believers in respect of wives of their adopted sons, when the latter have performed the necessary formality (of release) from them. The commandment of Allah must be fulfilled.
[Yusufali 33:37] Behold! Thou didst say to one who had received the grace of Allah and thy favour: "Retain thou (in wedlock) thy wife, and fear Allah." But thou didst hide in thy heart that which Allah was about to make manifest: thou didst fear the people, but it is more fitting that thou shouldst fear Allah. Then when Zaid had dissolved (his marriage) with her, with the necessary (formality), We joined her in marriage to thee: in order that (in future) there may be no difficulty to the Believers in (the matter of) marriage with the wives of their adopted sons, when the latter have dissolved with the necessary (formality) (their marriage) with them. And Allah's command must be fulfilled.
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 33:37] (see commentary for verse 36)